l-carnitine vs l-glutamine uses Some days with autoimmune feel like I'm running on empty—even when I'm doing all the “right” things. Lately, I've added glutamine and back into my daily routine, and honestly, they've made What are the benefits of

Ethics declarations Conflicts of Interest MD, SD and VD declare that they have no conflicts of interest of relevant to the contents of this manuscript

Bowlus CL, Arriv L, Bergquist A, Deneau M, Forman L, Ilyas SI, et al

Abbreviations BP: Blood pressure CI: Confidence interval CIMT: Carotid intima-media thickness eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate HbA1C: Hemoglobin A1c HDL: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ICA: Internal carotid artery L-C: L-carnitine LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Lp(a): Lipoprotein (a) MetS: Metabolic syndrome MI: Myocardial infarction MPH: Maximum plaque height NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs SAEs: Serious adverse events TMAO: Metabolites such as trimethylamine oxidase TPA: Total plaque area TPV: Total plaque volume WC: Waist circumference References Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WP, Loria CM, Smith SC Jr, et al

T1DM is typically diagnosed early in life, which raises concerns about its long-term impact on reproductive health, as early-onset metabolic disturbances may coincide with critical periods of testicular development and maturation

To exert their health-promoting effects in humans, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of isoflavones are paramount (Liu et al., 2023)