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All of these coins bear the dual 1776-2026 date

Topical GHK-Cu produces negligible systemic absorption transdermal bioavailability is less than 5% for unformulated aqueous solutions and rarely exceeds 1015% even with penetration enhancers like liposomes or DMSO

Sources & References 1RPEP-02768Pickart, Loren et al

Readers who want a broader orientation to the molecule can consult the What Is GHK-Cu pillar, which situates this systemic literature within the wider GHK-Cu picture

Notably, in contrast to 23 (HA08), a structurally very similar epimer (HA09) which differs only with regard to one stereogenic center and exhibiting a 100-fold lower affinity to IRAP did not affect spine morphology, indicating a correlation between the capacity to inhibit IRAP and a positive impact on DSD and spine morphology