glutathione heme Epalrestat increases glutathione, thioredoxin, and oxygenase-1 by stimulating Nrf2 pathway in endothelial cells Glutathione and the intracellular labile

Glucocerebrosidase is imported into mitochondria and preserves complex I integrity and energy metabolism

Mutants affected in the transport and degradation of glutathione and glutathione S-conjugates did not exhibit differences in their susceptibility to AITC While glutathione is synthesized in the chloroplast and the cytosol it is also present in the mitochondrion, nucleus and the apoplast, indicating the necessity of transport 56

SAM is a product of one-carbon metabolism cycle and is synthesized by methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) using methionine and ATP as substrates

& Khanna, R

Therefore, we proposed that the decrease in GPx1 caused by glucose deprivation leads to further ROS-dependent autophagy activation